In India, various units for measuring land are used to indicate the size of landed property. Every state in India uses a different phrase. It would be best if you had a better understanding of land measurement units before you go out and buy a property. In this blog we will study, Land Measurement Units in India: Standard Measurement Units, Land Conversion Table.
Land Measurements Units
The units used to measure land in India differ from state to state. The northern part of India uses measurements such as Bigha, Biswa, Marla, Kanal, and Kattha, while the southern region uses ground, cent, ankanam, and guntha units. In East Indian states like West Bengal, Assam, and Tripura, the Chatak, Dhur, Kattha, and Lecha are common land measurement units. States in western India, including Rajasthan and Gujarat, are frequent with units like Bigha, Biswa, and Biswansi .
Standard units like Square Feet, Acres, Square Yards (also called Gag), Square Meters, etc., are becoming more common throughout India even if the native measurement system is still in use. This guide will teach about the standard land measurement units and a land measurement conversion table.
Difference Between Plot and Ground
An area with clearly defined borders, such as a hedge, is called a plot. The term “ground” refers to a plot of land that is privately owned but does not have any buildings or boundaries.
Land Measurement Units: Standard Units of Measuring Land in North, West and East India
Sizes differ by state, depending on the specific names of the units. Only a few measurements are commonly used in India, including Square Meters, Hectares, Square Feet, Square Yards, and Acres.
| Units | Conversion | States | Details |
| 1 Bigha-Pucca | 3025 sq yd | Bihar, Punjab, Haryana, and parts of Uttar Pradesh | 1 Pucca-Bigha is equal to165 ft*165 ft |
| 1 Bigha | 968 sq yd | Parts of Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand | |
| 1 Bigha | 900 sq yd | Parts of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. | |
| Bigha- Kachha | 1008.33 sq yd | Parts of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh | Kachha Bigha is one-third of Pucca Bigha |
| 1 Biswa – Pucca | 151.25 sq yd | Northern parts of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana | 1 Biswa is equal to 1/20 Bigha (Pucca) |
| 1 Biswa | 48.4 sq yd | Parts of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand | 1 Biswa is equal to 1/20 Bigha |
| 1 Biswa | 45 sq yd | Parts of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand | 1 Biswa is equal to 1/20 Bigha |
| 1 Biswa (Kaccha) | 50.417 sq yd | Parts of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh | 1 Biswa is equal to 1/20 Bigha (Kaccha) |
| 1 Biswansi | 1/20 Biswa | Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand | 1 Biswa has 20 Biswansis |
| 1 Killa | 4840 sq yd | Parts of Haryana and Punjab | 1 Killa= 1 Acre |
| 1 Ghumaon | 4840 sq yd | Parts of Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, and Punjab | 1 Ghumaon = 1 Acre |
| 1 Kanal | 5445 sq ft. 8 Kanals is 1 Acre | Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, and Jammu and Kashmir | 1 Acre = 8 Kanal |
| 1 Chatak | 180 sq ft | West Bengal | 16 Chatak=1 Katha |
| 1 Decimal | 48.4 sq yd | West Bengal | 1Acre=100 decimals |
| 1 Dhur | 68.0625 sq ft | Bihar and Jharkhand | 1 Kattha =20 Dhurs |
| 1 Dhur | 3.6 sq ft | Tripura | 1 Kattha =20 Dhurs |
| 1 Kattha | 2880 sq ft | Assam | 1 Bigha = 5 Katthas |
| 1 Kattha | 720 sq ft | Bengal | 1 Bigha = 20 Katthas |
| 1 Kattha | 1361.25 sq ft | Bihar | 1 Bigha = 20 Katthas |
| 1 Lecha | 144 sq ft | Assam | 20 Lechas = 1 Kattha |
| 1 Bigha | Pucca 3025 sq yd | Bihar and parts of Rajasthan | 1 Bigha is equal to 165 ft X 165 ft |
| 1 Bigha | 1936 sq yd | Gujarat and parts of Rajasthan | 1 Bigha is equal to 132 ft X 132 ft |
| 1 Biswa | Pucca 151.25 sq yd | Northern parts of Rajasthan | 1 Biswa = 1/20 Bigha |
| 1 Biswa | 96.8 sq yd | Lower parts of Rajasthan | 1 Biswa = 1/20 Bigha |
| 1 Biswansi | 1/20 Biswa | Rajasthan | |
| 1 Bigha | 1333.33 sq yd | Parts of Madhya Pradesh | |
| 1 Kattha | 600 sq ft | Madhya Pradesh | 1 Bigha = 20 Kathas |
Land Measurement Units: Standard Units of Measuring Land in South India
Following are standard unit of measuring land in South India:-
| Units | States used in | Conversion |
| 1 Ankanam | Parts of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka | 72 sq ft, 1Acre=605 Ankanams |
| 1 Cent | Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka | 435.6 sq ft |
| 1 Ground | Parts of Tamil Nadu | 2400 sq ft |
| 1 Guntha | Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharasthra | 1089 sq ft |
| 1 Kuncham | Andhra Pradesh | 484 sq yd, 1 Kuncham=10 cents |
Land Measurement Units: Standard Units of Measuring Land in Central India
Find below the standard units used for measuring land in Central India.
| Units | Conversion | States | Details |
| 1 Bigha | 1333.33 sq yd | Parts of Madhya Pradesh | |
| 1 Kattha | 600 sq ft | Madhya Pradesh | 1 Bigha is equal to 20 Katthas |
How to Measure Land Area?
The property is divided into residential plots after providing the necessary arrangements for roads, schools, hospitals, markets, parks, and other amenities. The layout sketch can be used to determine the plot number and size. In the case of a resale home, the Sale Deed may include information about the home’s location and description.
In the case of a residential house, the space is often specified in square feet. In the case of agricultural land, the property area is specified in terms of acres or hectares. To determine how much land is available, you must multiply the length by the width. To check the area’s fast conversion, click here.
Land Measurement Conversion Table
The standard land measuring units in India are square yard and hectare. Square yard is usually known as Gaj in northern India. Let’s study in details Land Measurement Units in India: Standard Measurement Units, Land Conversion Table.
| Length in Unit | Conversion Factor |
| 1 Square meter | 10.76 square feet |
| 1 Square yard | 9 square feet |
| 1 Centimeter (cm) | 10 mm, 0.01 m |
| 1 Chain (ch) | 66 ft, 22 yd (gaj), 100 links (kadi), 4 rods |
| 1 Feet (ft) | 12 inches, 30.48 cm |
| 1 Furlong | 660 ft, 220 yd, 40 rods, 10 chains |
| 1 Gaj | 1 yd, 0.91444 m, 3 ft, 36 in |
| 1 Gattha | 5.5 hath, 2.75 yd, 8.25 ft, 99 in |
| 1 Hath | 0.5 yd, 18 in, 1.5 ft |
| 1 Inch (in) | 2.54 cm, 0.0833 ft |
| 1 Jarib (Shahjahani) | 165 ft |
| 1 Jarib (Gantari) | 132 ft |
| 1 Karam | 66 in, 5.5 ft |
| 1 Kilometer (km) | 1000m, 3280.84 ft |
| 1 Meter (m) | 100 cm, 39.3701 in, 3.28084 ft |
| 1 Mile (mi) | 1.60934 km, 5280 ft |
| 1 Millimeter (mm) | 0.1 cm, 0.001m |
| 1 Perch/ Rod/Pole | 16.5 sqft, 5.5 yd |
| 1 Yard (yd) | 1 Gaj, 3 ft, 36 in, 0.91444 m |
Examples of Land Measurement Units and Conversion
The three most used units for measuring land are square feet, acre, and hectare. Here are a few examples of calculating the area of a piece of land and converting it to other measuring systems.
Converting Biswa to Acres
In the states of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, and Rajasthan, the biswa is a common unit of land measurement. Assume that land is measured locally in Biswa but needs to be converted to acres for standardization. How is it accomplished?
The unit converter should be used for converting needs. For manual conversion, 0.03099 Acre is equal to 1 Biswa.
As an illustration, the 50,000 units of land measured in Biswa must be converted to acres to maintain records. As a result, you can multiply the area measured in Biswa by 0.03099.
50,000 Biswa units of land X 0.03099 = 1,549.5 acres
The above conversion shows that 50,000 Biswa units of land is equivalent to 1549.5 acres of land.
Officers Related to Land Measurement and Administration in India
The land records administration in different Indian states typically handles the difficult work of measuring and managing land. The following are some of the key officials actively involved in land administration and measurement:
Patwari
Patwari is one of the most crucial land officers in matters about land, despite being located at the bottom of the land and revenue administration hierarchy. He oversees and manages land records in a specific area, typically a hamlet or town. A patwari’s key responsibilities include maintaining the village’s land records, measuring agricultural and fallow land, maintaining crop records, and keeping the land records current.
Revenue Inspector
The officer immediately after the patwari in the land administration hierarchy is the revenue inspector. He aids in keeping land records up to date for the Naib-Tehsildar and Tehsildars. He monitors the work of the patwaris who report to them. His main responsibilities include, among others, creating inspection reports for boundary markers and conducting surveys of damages brought on by natural disasters.
Naib Tehsildar
He follows the revenue inspector in the chain of command. They are in charge of the job of three to four tax inspectors. In a state, they often oversee two to three revenue circles. Additionally, he oversees and does direct inspections of crop yield statistics in a given area. Tehsildar receives reports from Naib-Tehsildar.
Tehsildar
Tehsildar is the highest official in charge of land records in a Tehsil. He has a lot of influence over how the local government manages land records and collects taxes. The nodal individual to inform higher authorities about regional agricultural losses is the tehsildar.
As mentioned earlier, a district’s land administration activities are overseen by SDM, ADM, and DM, in addition to the officers.
How Area Converter Tools Help in Converting Land Measurement Units
We advise using area converter tools available online to perform such assessments because performing such calculations manually could result in errors. These tools are simple to use and assist you in quickly obtaining the desired outcomes.
How to Use a Land Measurement Units Calculator?
You can precisely calculate and convert land-measuring units using the land-measurement units calculator, which is a simple tool. It is a simple-to-use internet application that produces results in seconds. See here Land Measurement Units in India: Standard Measurement Units, Land Conversion Table.To execute land area conversions, you only need the following:
Choose the state (the state where the land is located)
Choose the unit type and the number of units.
Select the unit of measurement to which you want to convert the land area.
The conversion will be precise, error-free, and immediate. You may convert land measurement units nationwide using the online calculator.
Benefits of a Land Measurement Units Calculator
India has 28 states and is a diversified country. There are various land measurement units because there are so many states. Land area conversion, therefore, frequently becomes challenging. A land measurement unit calculator can be useful in this situation. In this blog we will see Land Measurement Units in India: Standard Measurement Units, Land Conversion Table.This conversion calculator has the following advantages:
Quick and simple computations
simple conversion of the land area into less well-known land measurements
It enables you to determine the true value of the land and make smarter property-related decisions.
Conclusion to Land Measurement Units
In conclusion, reading this blog will make it easier to grasp India’s various land measurement systems. You are now aware of the units’ conversion process and their names in various states. If you are well-informed about these apartments, you can set a budget, choose a home, and ensure you’re getting the finest bargain. Use an area calculator to lessen the likelihood of error.
Also Read: Documents Checklist for Buying a Plot in 2023
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